Difference between revisions of "Vega Protocol"

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{{Short description|2021 Microsoft computer operating system}}
==Basics==
{{pp-protected|reason=Persistent [[WP:Disruptive editing|disruptive editing]]; requested at [[WP:RfPP]]|small=yes}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox OS
| name = Windows 11
| logo = Windows 11 logo.svg
| logo alt = Windows 11 Logo
| screenshot = Windows 11 Desktop.png
| caption = Screenshot showing the new [[Start menu]] and centered [[taskbar]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 15, 2021 |title=Windows 11 leak reveals new UI, Start menu, and more |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/15/22535123/microsoft-windows-11-leak-screenshots-start-menu |access-date=September 12, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=June 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618175206/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/15/22535123/microsoft-windows-11-leak-screenshots-start-menu |url-status=live }}</ref>
| version of = [[Windows NT]]
| developer = [[Microsoft]]
| family = [[Microsoft Windows]]
| programmed in = {{ubl|[[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]], [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]], [[assembly language]]}}
| source_model = {{ubl
  | [[Proprietary software|Closed-source]]
  | [[Source-available software|Source-available]] (through [[Shared Source Initiative]])
  | Some components [[Open-source software|open source]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-tools-windows-gets-versatile-new-open-source-terminal/ |title=Programming language tools: Windows gets versatile new open-source terminal |newspaper=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803125232/https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-tools-windows-gets-versatile-new-open-source-terminal/ |url-status=live |last1=Tung |first1=Liam}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-is-open-sourcing-windows-calculator-on-github/ |title=Microsoft is open-sourcing Windows Calculator on GitHub |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-date=July 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703182510/https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-is-open-sourcing-windows-calculator-on-github/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-Driver-Frameworks |title=GitHub – microsoft/Windows-Driver-Frameworks |publisher=[[GitHub]] |access-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114110533/https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-Driver-Frameworks |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/dotnet/winforms |title=windows forms |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=August 31, 2020 |archive-date=September 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913180901/https://github.com/dotnet/winforms |url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
| RTM date = {{start date and age|2021|06|24}}
| GA date = {{start date and age|2021|10|05}}<ref name="win11release">{{cite web |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/10/04/windows-11-a-new-era-for-the-pc-begins-today/ |title=Windows 11: A new era for the PC begins today |last=Panay |first=Panos |date=October 4, 2021 |website=Windows Experience Blog |access-date=October 4, 2021 |archive-date=October 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004201814/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/10/04/windows-11-a-new-era-for-the-pc-begins-today/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| marketing target = [[Personal computing]], [[Tablet computer|tablets]]
| language count = 110
| language footnote = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/store/collections/localexperiencepacks?cat0=devices&rtc=1 |title=Local Experience Packs – Microsoft Store |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=June 16, 2021 |archive-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721102354/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/store/collections/localexperiencepacks?cat0=devices&rtc=1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/Licensing/servicecenter/default.aspx |title=Microsoft Volume Licensing Center |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=June 16, 2021 |archive-date=November 18, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118195101/https://www.microsoft.com/Licensing/servicecenter/default.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref>
| language = Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Azerbaijani, Bangla (Bangladesh), Bangla (India), Basque, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Central Kurdish, Cherokee, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dari – Persian (Afghanistan), Dutch, German, Greek, English (United Kingdom), English (United States), Estonian, Finnish, Filipino, French (Canada), French (France), Galician, Georgian, Gujarati, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, K'iche', Kinyarwanda, Konkani, Korean, Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Maori, Marathi, Mongolian, Nepali, Northern Sotho, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Odia, Persian (Iran), Punjabi (Gurmukhi), Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Quechua, Romanian, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian (Cyrillic, Bosnia & Herzegovina), Serbian (Cyrillic, Serbia), Serbian (Latin), Sindhi (Arabic), Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Latin American, Mexico, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay, Venezuela), Swahili, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Thai, Tigrinya, Tswana, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek, Valencian, Vietnamese, Welsh, Wolof, Xhosa, Yoruba, Zulu
| update model = {{Plainlist|
* [[Windows Update]]
* [[Microsoft Store (digital)|Microsoft Store]]
* [[Windows Server Update Services]] (WSUS)
}}
| supported platforms = [[x86-64]], [[ARMv8]]
| package manager = [[.exe]], [[Universal Windows Platform apps|APPX]], [[Universal Windows Platform apps|appxbundle]] and [[apk (file format)|APK]]-based
| kernel type = [[Hybrid kernel|Hybrid]] ([[Windows NT kernel]])
| userland = [[Native API]]<br />[[Windows API]]<br />[[.NET Framework]]<br />[[Universal Windows Platform]]<br /> <!-- currently only for "Windows 11 Insider Build 22000.282 or higher": --> [[#Windows Subsystem for Android|Windows Subsystem for Android]] (w/Insider build)<br /> [[Windows Subsystem for Linux]]
| ui = [[Windows shell]] ([[Graphical user interface|graphical]])
| preceded by = [[Windows 10]] (2015)
| website = {{Official URL}}
| support status = See {{section link||Versions}} for details.
}}
{{Windows 11}}


'''Windows 11''' is the latest major release of [[Microsoft]]'s [[Windows NT]] [[operating system]], released in October 2021. It is a free upgrade to its predecessor, [[Windows 10]] (2015), available for any Windows 10 devices that meet the new Windows 11 system requirements.
*Started in / Announced on: 2019
*[[Mainnet]] release: ''"hopefully launch its mainnet by this summer"'' ([https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/98742/defi-derivatives-protocol-vega-5-million-coinbase-ventures-others 18-3-2021])
*A [[decentralized]] network for trading [[derivatives]]
*Vega chain had an [https://x.com/vegaprotocol/status/1833833661642280974 on-chain vote] and will cease its operations (11-9-2024).
==Technology==


Windows 11 features major changes to the Windows [[Shell (computing)|shell]] influenced by the canceled [[Windows 10X]], including a redesigned [[Start menu]], the replacement of its "live tiles" with a separate "Widgets" panel on the [[taskbar]], the ability to create tiled sets of windows that can be minimized and restored from the [[taskbar]] as a group, and new gaming technologies inherited from [[Xbox Series X and Series S]] such as [[High-dynamic-range video|Auto HDR]] and [[DirectStorage]] on compatible hardware. [[Internet Explorer]] (IE) has been replaced by the [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium]]-based [[Microsoft Edge]] as the default web browser like its predecessor, [[Windows 10]], and [[Microsoft Teams]] is integrated into the Windows [[shell]]. Microsoft also announced plans to allow more flexibility in software that can be [[distributed]] via [[Microsoft Store]], and to support [[Android (operating system)|Android]] [[mobile app|apps]] on Windows 11 (including a partnership with [[Amazon Appstore|Amazon]] to make its [[app store]] available for the function).
===How it worked===


Citing security considerations, the system requirements for Windows 11 were increased over Windows 10. Microsoft only officially supports the operating system on devices using an [[Coffee Lake|eighth-generation]] [[Intel Core]] CPU or newer (with some minor exceptions), [[Ryzen|AMD Ryzen]] CPU based on [[Zen+]] microarchitecture or newer, or a [[List of Qualcomm Snapdragon processors#Snapdragon 835, 850, 7c, 7c Gen 2, 8c, 8cx and 8cx Gen 2 5G|Qualcomm Snapdragon 850]] [[ARM architecture|ARM]] [[System on a chip|system-on-chip]] or newer, with [[UEFI secure boot]] and [[Trusted Platform Module]] (TPM) 2.0 supported and enabled (although Microsoft may provide exceptions to the TPM 2.0 requirement for OEMs). While the OS can be installed on unsupported processors, Microsoft does not guarantee the availability of [[Windows Update|updates]]. Windows 11 removed support for [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] [[x86]] CPUs and devices which use [[BIOS]] firmware.
* [https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/98742/defi-derivatives-protocol-vega-5-million-coinbase-ventures-others From] [[The Block]] (18-3-2021):


<!-- This section's statistics are out of date -->
''"Vega claims to be building a capital-efficient [[decentralized]] [[derivatives]] trading protocol that would allow anyone to create and launch a derivatives market.''
Windows 11 has received a widely polarized reception. Pre-release coverage of the operating system focused on its stricter hardware requirements, with discussions over whether they were legitimately intended to improve the security of Windows or as a ploy to [[upsell]] users to newer devices, and over [[e-waste]] associated with the changes. Upon release, it was praised for its improved visual design, window management, and a stronger focus on security, but was criticized for various modifications to aspects of its user interface which were seen as worse than its predecessor. As of May 2022, Windows 11 is the 2nd most popular Windows edition on Windows PCs in the United States, at 11%, and some other countries (also 2nd in North America as a whole and [[Oceania]]/Australia), while globally it remains 3rd on average (and in some countries 4th) after [[Windows 7]], far behind Windows 10, which stands at 77% in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Desktop Windows Version Market Share United States Of America |url=https://gs.statcounter.com/windows-version-market-share/desktop/united-states-of-america/#monthly-202105-202204 |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=StatCounter Global Stats |language=en}}</ref> Across all platforms Windows 11 runs on<!-- 31.12% (all Windows) × 8.47% = --> a share of 2.6% of PCs.


== Development ==
''Mannerings said capital-efficient means a trader's capital is used efficiently and that the protocol does not need any more funds to be locked up for margins than is necessary. "This is incredibly important for traders as the cost of capital to fund a position can make the difference between whether it's worth trading or not," he said."''
At the 2015 [[Microsoft Ignite|Ignite conference]], Microsoft employee Jerry Nixon stated that [[Windows 10]] would be the "last version of Windows", a statement that Microsoft confirmed was "reflective" of its view.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 30, 2015 |title=Windows forever: Windows 10 builds will continue even after Microsoft ships it |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/2917474/windows-forever-windows-10-builds-will-continue-even-after-microsoft-ships-it.html |access-date=June 16, 2021 |website=PCWorld |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302150358/https://www.pcworld.com/article/2917474/windows-forever-windows-10-builds-will-continue-even-after-microsoft-ships-it.html |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Windows 10 Takes Its Place as Microsoft's 'Forever OS' |url=https://redmondmag.com/blogs/scott-bekker/2019/01/windows-10-microsofts-forever-os.aspx |access-date=June 16, 2021 |website=Redmondmag |archive-date=April 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210409165315/https://redmondmag.com/blogs/scott-bekker/2019/01/windows-10-microsofts-forever-os.aspx |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> The operating system was considered [[Software as a service|to be a service]], with new builds and updates to be released over time.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.informationweek.com/software/operating-systems/windows-10-microsoft-attempts-a-saas-model/a/d-id/1321473 |title=Windows 10: Microsoft Attempts A SaaS Model |last1=Loeb |first1=Larry |date=July 28, 2015 |work=InformationWeek |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508071939/https://www.informationweek.com/software/operating-systems/windows-10-microsoft-attempts-a-saas-model/a/d-id/1321473 |archive-date=May 8, 2021 |access-date=June 27, 2021 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>
==Team, Funding, Partnerships, etc.==
===Team===


In October 2019, Microsoft announced "[[Windows 10 editions|Windows 10X]]", a future edition of Windows 10 designed exclusively for [[dual-touchscreen]] devices such as the then-upcoming [[Surface Neo]]. It featured a modified user interface designed around context-sensitive "postures" for different screen configurations and usage scenarios, and changes such as a centered taskbar and updated [[Start menu]] without Windows 10's "live tiles". Legacy Windows applications would also be required to run in "containers" to ensure performance and power optimization. Microsoft stated that it planned to release Windows 10X devices by the end of 2020.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=October 2, 2019 |title=Microsoft Surface Neo first look: the future of Windows 10X is dual-screen |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20889000/microsoft-surface-neo-windows-10x-hands-on-features-price-photos-release-date |access-date=May 4, 2020 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002180536/https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20889000/microsoft-surface-neo-windows-10x-hands-on-features-price-photos-release-date |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Hollister |first=Sean |date=October 2, 2019 |title=Windows 10X is Microsoft's latest stab at a 'Lite' operating system, exclusively for dual-screens |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20892246/microsoft-windows-10x-lite-os-neo-dual-screen-features-surface-event |access-date=May 4, 2020 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002180549/https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20892246/microsoft-windows-10x-lite-os-neo-dual-screen-features-surface-event |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=October 2, 2019 |title=Windows 10X has a new Start Menu and no more Live Tiles |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20887409/microsoft-windows-10x-live-tiles-start-menu-neo-dual-screen-update-release-date-surface-event |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016070200/https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/2/20887409/microsoft-windows-10x-live-tiles-start-menu-neo-dual-screen-update-release-date-surface-event |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Barney Mannerings]]; founder
*[https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/98742/defi-derivatives-protocol-vega-5-million-coinbase-ventures-others From] [[The Block]] (18-3-2021):


In May 2020, amid the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], chief product officer for Microsoft Windows and [[Microsoft Office|Office]] [[Panos Panay (Microsoft)|Panos Panay]] stated that "as we continue to put customers' needs at the forefront, we need to focus on meeting customers where they are now", and therefore announced that Windows 10X would only launch on single-screen devices at first, and that Microsoft would "continue to look for the right moment, in conjunction with our OEM partners, to bring dual-screen devices to market".<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=May 4, 2020 |title=Microsoft confirms Windows 10X is coming to laptops amid big jump in Windows usage |url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/4/21246561/microsoft-windows-10x-single-screens-windows-usage-demand-coronavirus-pandemic |access-date=May 4, 2020 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=May 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504192516/https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/4/21246561/microsoft-windows-10x-single-screens-windows-usage-demand-coronavirus-pandemic |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=May 4, 2020 |title=Accelerating innovation in Windows 10 to meet customers where they are |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2020/05/04/accelerating-innovation-in-windows-10-to-meet-customers-where-they-are/ |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=Windows Experience Blog |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014033216/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2020/05/04/accelerating-innovation-in-windows-10-to-meet-customers-where-they-are/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
''"There are currently around 25 people contributing to Vega, and the project is looking to expand its engineering and community teams further, said Mannerings."''


In January 2021, it was reported that a job listing referring to a "sweeping visual rejuvenation of Windows" had been posted by Microsoft.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=January 4, 2021 |title=Microsoft planning 'sweeping visual rejuvenation of Windows' |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/4/22212817/microsoft-windows-10-visual-changes-update-sun-valley-2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610185054/https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/4/22212817/microsoft-windows-10-visual-changes-update-sun-valley-2021 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |access-date=June 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref> A visual refresh for Windows, developed under the codename "Sun Valley", was reportedly set to re-design the system's user interface.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=January 4, 2021 |title=Microsoft planning 'sweeping visual rejuvenation of Windows' |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/4/22212817/microsoft-windows-10-visual-changes-update-sun-valley-2021 |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610185054/https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/4/22212817/microsoft-windows-10-visual-changes-update-sun-valley-2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was rumored to be released as a [[Windows 10]] feature update as version 21H2.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-26 |title=Floating menus, rounded corners, and more coming to Windows 10 21H2 |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/heres-what-taskbar-menus-windows-10s-sun-valley-update-could-actually-look |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=Windows Central}}</ref> However, this would later be spun off into Windows 11. Microsoft began to implement and announce some of these visual changes and other new features on Windows 10 [[Windows Insider|Insider Preview builds]], such as new system icons (which also included the replacement of shell resources dating back as far as [[Windows 95]]),<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=March 4, 2021 |title=Microsoft's Windows 10 UI overhaul continues with new system icons |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/4/22313037/microsoft-windows-10-new-system-icons-ui-overhaul-sun-valley |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016070200/https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/4/22313037/microsoft-windows-10-new-system-icons-ui-overhaul-sun-valley |url-status=live }}</ref> improvements to [[Task View]] to allow changing the wallpaper on each [[virtual desktop]], emulation of x64 applications on ARM, and adding the Auto HDR feature from [[Xbox Series X]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=March 17, 2021 |title=Microsoft is bringing its Xbox Auto HDR feature to Windows |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/17/22336240/microsoft-windows-10-auto-hdr-pc-gaming-directx-11-12 |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016070202/https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/17/22336240/microsoft-windows-10-auto-hdr-pc-gaming-directx-11-12 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Anton Shilov |title=Microsoft Brings x64 Emulation to Windows 10 on Arm PCs |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/microsoft-x64-emulation-windows-10-on-arm-windows-insiders |website=[[Tom's Hardware]] |access-date=14 November 2021 |date=December 11, 2020 |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308164948/https://www.tomshardware.com/news/microsoft-x64-emulation-windows-10-on-arm-windows-insiders |url-status=live }}</ref>
===Funding===


On May 18, 2021, Head of Windows Servicing and Delivery John Cable stated that Windows 10X had been canceled and that Microsoft would be "accelerating the integration of key foundational 10X technology into other parts of Windows and products at the company".<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=May 18, 2021 |title=Microsoft confirms Windows 10X is dead |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/18/22442421/microsoft-windows-10-x-canceled-official |access-date=May 18, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=May 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518175834/https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/18/22442421/microsoft-windows-10-x-canceled-official |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [https://www.theblockcrypto.com/linked/98742/defi-derivatives-protocol-vega-5-million-coinbase-ventures-others From] The Block (18-3-2021):


=== Announcement ===
''"Raised $5 million in a new funding round. The round was led by [[Arrington XRP Capital|Arrington Capital]] and [[Cumberland DRW]], with participation from [[Coinbase (Company)|Coinbase Ventures]], [[ParaFi Capital]], [[CMS Holdings]], and many others. Vega has raised the money via a token sale as a strategic investment round. The round brings Vega's total funding to date to "a bit under $12 million," Mannerings told The Block. The project had previously raised a $5 million seed round in October 2019."''
At the [[Build (developer conference)#2021|Microsoft Build 2021]] developer conference, CEO and chairman [[Satya Nadella]] teased about the existence of the next generation of Windows during his [[keynote speech]]. According to Nadella, he had been self-hosting it for several months. He also teased that an official announcement would come very soon.<ref>{{cite web |date=May 25, 2021 |title=Satya Nadella teases major updates coming soon to Windows during Build 2021 keynote |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/satya-nadella-teases-big-updates-coming-soon-windows-build-2021 |publisher=Windows Central |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605152038/https://www.windowscentral.com/satya-nadella-teases-big-updates-coming-soon-windows-build-2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Just a week after Nadella's keynote, Microsoft started sending invitations for a dedicated Windows media event at 11&nbsp;am [[Eastern Time|ET]] on June 24, 2021.<ref>{{cite news |date=June 2, 2021 |title=Microsoft to reveal its next generation of Windows on June 24 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/2/22465126/microsoft-windows-event-june-24th |newspaper=[[The Verge]] |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611201812/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/2/22465126/microsoft-windows-event-june-24th |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web |date=June 2, 2021 |title=Microsoft Windows Event – Watch the June 24 LIVE stream |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/event |website=Microsoft |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616063105/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/event |url-status=live}}</ref> Microsoft also posted an 11-minute video of Windows start-up sounds to [[YouTube]] on June 10, 2021, with [[MANY|many]] people speculating both the time of the Microsoft event and the duration of the Windows start-up sound video to be a reference to the name of the operating system as Windows 11.<ref>{{cite AV media |date=June 10, 2021 |title=Windows Startup Sounds – Slo-fi Remix |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMr4Qm5ZWrI |via=[[YouTube]] |work=Microsoft |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612025743/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMr4Qm5ZWrI |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 10, 2021 |title=Microsoft teases new Windows 11 startup sound with 11-minute video |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/10/22528115/microsoft-windows-11-startup-sound-new-teaser-video |work=[[The Verge]] |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612052130/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/10/22528115/microsoft-windows-11-startup-sound-new-teaser-video |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>


On June 24, 2021, Windows 11 was officially announced at a [[virtual event]] hosted by [[Chief Product Officer]] [[Panos Panay (Microsoft)|Panos Panay]].<ref name=":03">{{cite web |date=June 2, 2021 |title=Microsoft Windows Event – Watch the June 24 LIVE stream |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/event |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616063105/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/event |archive-date=June 16, 2021 |access-date=June 15, 2021 |work=Windows |publisher=Microsoft |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Warren |first1=Tom |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Live blog: Microsoft's Windows 11 event |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22546829/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-blog-updates-news |access-date=June 24, 2021 |work=The Verge |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624143128/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22546829/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-blog-updates-news |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Novet |first1=Jordan |last2=Leswing |first2=Kif |last3=Haselton |first3=Todd |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft just unveiled Windows 11: Here's everything it announced |work=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/24/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-updates.html |access-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624143625/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/24/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-updates.html |url-status=live}}</ref> According to Nadella, Windows 11 is "a re-imagining of the operating system".<ref>{{cite tweet |user=satyanadella |title=Today marks the beginning of a new generation of Windows |number=1408104165641838593 |date=June 25, 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Further details for developers such as updates to the [[Microsoft Store]], the new [[Windows App SDK]] (code-named "Project Reunion"), new Fluent Design guidelines, and more were discussed during another developer-focused event on the same day.<ref>{{cite AV media |title=Join us to see what's next for developers |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egZ82QGshX8 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623221116/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egZ82QGshX8 |url-status=live |via=YouTube |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Gallo |first1=Kevin |date=June 24, 2021 |title=What Windows 11 Means for Developers |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsdeveloper/2021/06/24/what-windows-11-means-for-developers/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Windows Developer Blog |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624183532/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsdeveloper/2021/06/24/what-windows-11-means-for-developers/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Jones |first=Luke |date=June 18, 2021 |title=Microsoft Announces Windows 11 Developer Event on June 24 |url=https://winbuzzer.com/2021/06/18/microsoft-announces-windows-11-developer-event-on-june-24-xcxwbn/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=WinBuzzer |archive-date=June 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618141712/https://winbuzzer.com/2021/06/18/microsoft-announces-windows-11-developer-event-on-june-24-xcxwbn/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref>
===Partners===
==(:==
Knowledge empowers all and will help us get closer to the [[decentralised]] world we all want to live in!


=== Release ===
Making these free wiki pages is fun but takes a lot of effort and time.
The Windows 11 name was accidentally released in an official Microsoft support document in June 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last=Parmar |first=Mayank |date=June 21, 2021 |title=Windows 11 confirmed in a new Microsoft support document |url=https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/06/21/windows-11-confirmed-in-a-new-microsoft-support-document/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Windows Latest |archive-date=June 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620230842/https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/06/21/windows-11-confirmed-in-a-new-microsoft-support-document/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.techradar.com/news/windows-11-name-confirmed-in-fresh-leak-from-microsoft |title=Windows 11 name confirmed in fresh leak from Microsoft |last1=Allan |first1=Darren |date=June 21, 2021 |website=[[Tech Radar]] |access-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622135052/https://www.techradar.com/news/windows-11-name-confirmed-in-fresh-leak-from-microsoft |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref> Leaked images of a purported beta build of Windows 11's desktop surfaced online later on June 15, 2021,<ref>{{cite web |title=传说中的Windows11，测试版/The legendary Windows 11, beta version |url=https://tieba.baidu.com/p/7405731991 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615155822/https://tieba.baidu.com/p/7405731991 |archive-date=June 15, 2021 |access-date=June 17, 2021 |website=Baidu |language=zh}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/windows-11-screenshots-reportedly-leak-online/ |title=Windows 11 screenshots leak online, report says |date=June 15, 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=CNET |last1=Reichert |first1=Corinne |archive-date=June 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628074634/https://www.cnet.com/news/windows-11-screenshots-reportedly-leak-online/ |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref> which were followed by a leak of the aforementioned build on the same day.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mott |first=Nathaniel |date=June 17, 2021 |title=Windows 11: Everything We Know About Microsoft's Next OS |work=[[Tom's Hardware]] |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/features/windows-11-everything-we-know |access-date=June 17, 2021 |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222755/https://www.tomshardware.com/news/windows-11-everything-you-need-to-know |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref> The screenshots and leaked build show an interface resembling that of the canceled Windows 10X, alongside a redesigned [[out-of-box experience]] (OOBE) and Windows 11 branding.<ref name="reviewgeek-souce code leak">{{cite web |date=June 15, 2021 |title=Windows 11 Build Leaks, Shows a New Desktop UI, Start Menu, and More |url=https://www.reviewgeek.com/88043/windows-11-build-leaks-shows-a-new-desktop-ui-start-menu-and-more/ |work=reviewgeek |access-date=June 15, 2021 |archive-date=June 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616143025/https://www.reviewgeek.com/88043/windows-11-build-leaks-shows-a-new-desktop-ui-start-menu-and-more/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Microsoft would later confirm the authenticity of the leaked beta, with Panay stating that it was an "early weird build".<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 25, 2021 |title=Microsoft's Panos Panay on building Windows 11 during a pandemic, Android, and the leak |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/25/22550134/microsoft-windows-11-panos-panay-interview |access-date=July 5, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=July 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707035109/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/25/22550134/microsoft-windows-11-panos-panay-interview |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Rubino |first=Daniel |date=June 18, 2021 |title=Microsoft issues DMCA complaint against site hosting Windows 11 ISO, confirms authenticity |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-dmca-windows-11 |access-date=July 5, 2021 |website=Windows Central |language=en |archive-date=June 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628140249/https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-dmca-windows-11 |url-status=live }}</ref>


At the June 24 media event, Microsoft also announced that Windows 11 would be released in "Holiday 2021".<ref name=":6">{{cite web |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Upgrade to the New Windows 11 OS |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |work=Windows |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624155401/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Rayome |first=Alison DeNisco |title=Windows 11 release date: Here's when you can install Microsoft's free update |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/release-date-windows-11-microsoft-free-update-when-you-can-install/ |access-date=June 26, 2021 |website=CNET |archive-date=June 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626053710/https://www.cnet.com/news/release-date-windows-11-microsoft-free-update-when-you-can-install/ |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref> Its release will be accompanied by a free upgrade for compatible Windows 10 devices through [[Windows Update]].<ref name=":7">{{cite web |last=Panay |first=Panos |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Introducing Windows 11 |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/06/24/introducing-windows-11/ |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=Windows Experience Blog |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624154637/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/06/24/introducing-windows-11/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> On June 28, Microsoft announced the release of the first preview build and SDK of Windows 11 to [[Windows Insider]]s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Announcing the first Insider Preview for Windows 11 |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windows-insider/2021/06/28/announcing-the-first-insider-preview-for-windows-11 |website=Windows Insider Blog |date=June 28, 2021 |access-date=June 29, 2021 |archive-date=June 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629000515/https://blogs.windows.com/windows-insider/2021/06/28/announcing-the-first-insider-preview-for-windows-11/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
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On August 31, 2021, Microsoft announced that Windows 11 was to be released on October 5, 2021.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rayome |first=Alison DeNisco |title=Windows 11 release date: Here's when Microsoft's new OS comes out |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/windows-11-release-date-heres-when-microsofts-new-os-comes-out/ |access-date=August 31, 2021 |website=CNET |language=en |archive-date=August 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831131631/https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/windows-11-release-date-heres-when-microsofts-new-os-comes-out/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The release would be phased, with newer eligible devices to be offered the upgrade first.<ref name="win11release" /> Since its predecessor Windows 10 was released on July 29, 2015, more than six years earlier, this is the longest time span between successive releases of Microsoft Windows operating systems, beating the time between [[Windows XP]] (released on October 25, 2001) and [[Windows Vista]] (released on January 30, 2007).<ref>{{cite web |last=Rayome |first=Alison DeNisco |title=Windows 11: What you need to know about the beta, release date, new features and more |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/windows-11-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-beta-release-date-new-features-and-more/ |access-date=August 31, 2021 |website=CNET |language=en |archive-date=August 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831132648/https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/windows-11-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-beta-release-date-new-features-and-more/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[ETH]] tip [[address]]: 0x83460bE5F218b1520B69D702cE60A1DE37dD8E31
 
Microsoft officially released Windows 11 on October 4, 2021, at 2:00&nbsp;p.m. [[Pacific Time|PT]], which was October 5 in parts of the world.<ref>{{cite web |last=Blog |first=Windows Experience |date=August 31, 2021 |title=Windows 11 available on October 5 |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/08/31/windows-11-available-on-october-5/ |access-date=October 6, 2021 |website=Windows Experience Blog |language=en-US |archive-date=August 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831130345/https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2021/08/31/windows-11-available-on-october-5/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It can be obtained as an in-place upgrade via either the Windows 11 Installation Assistant application (the successor to the Media Creation Tool from Windows 10, which can also generate an [[ISO image]] or USB install media), or via Windows Update on eligible devices.<ref>{{cite web |last=Rayome |first=Alison DeNisco |title=Download Windows 11 now with this workaround: How to skip the wait for Microsoft's OS |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/download-windows-11-now-with-this-workaround-how-to-skip-the-wait-for-microsofts-os/ |access-date=2021-11-02 |website=CNET |language=en |archive-date=November 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102070112/https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/download-windows-11-now-with-this-workaround-how-to-skip-the-wait-for-microsofts-os/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On May 9, 2022, Microsoft released Windows 11 on [[physical media]] in the form of a boxed USB drive and product key. These boxed copies were made available on [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] and [[Best Buy]]'s online storefronts.<ref>{{cite web | last=O'Donnell | first=Deirdre | date=May 9, 2022 | url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Microsoft-releases-physical-copies-of-Windows-11-to-retail-partners.618394.0.html | title=Microsoft releases physical copies of Windows 11 to retail partners | work=NotebookCheck | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509165112/https://www.notebookcheck.net/Microsoft-releases-physical-copies-of-Windows-11-to-retail-partners.618394.0.html | archivedate=May 9, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Baxter | first=Daryl | date=May 10, 2022 | url=https://www.techradar.com/news/you-can-now-buy-a-physical-copy-of-windows-11-because-why-not | title=You can now buy a physical copy of Windows 11, because, why not? | work=TechRadar | publisher=Future plc | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510120731/https://www.techradar.com/news/you-can-now-buy-a-physical-copy-of-windows-11-because-why-not | archivedate=May 10, 2022}}</ref>
 
Upgrades through Windows Update are a phased rollout, and are distributed on an opt-in basis: Microsoft stated that they "expect all eligible Windows 10 devices to be offered the upgrade to Windows 11 by mid-2022."<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=October 4, 2021 |title=Microsoft releases Windows 11 a day early |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/4/22709166/microsoft-windows-11-release-download-available |access-date=October 4, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004201205/https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/4/22709166/microsoft-windows-11-release-download-available |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Foley |first=Mary Jo |title=Microsoft's Windows 11: How to get it now (or later) |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsofts-windows-11-how-to-get-it-now-or-later/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=ZDNet |language=en |archive-date=October 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005000639/https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsofts-windows-11-how-to-get-it-now-or-later/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Eligible devices also may present an [[option]] to download Windows 11 during the Windows 10 out-of-box experience (OOBE) on a new installation.<ref>{{cite web |title=KB5005716: Out of Box Experience update for Windows 10, version 2004, 20H2, 21H1, and 21H2: October 4, 2021 |url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/kb5005716-out-of-box-experience-update-for-windows-10-version-2004-20h2-21h1-and-21h2-october-4-2021-4d3c3e9c-b636-49fd-9d79-3b027dfbaf8f |access-date=2021-11-02 |website=support.microsoft.com |archive-date=November 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102070114/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/kb5005716-out-of-box-experience-update-for-windows-10-version-2004-20h2-21h1-and-21h2-october-4-2021-4d3c3e9c-b636-49fd-9d79-3b027dfbaf8f |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
In launch they partnered up with Mikey Likes It Ice Cream in [[NYC]] to make a flavor named "Bloomberry" based on the default "[[Bloom]]" wallpaper to promote Windows 11. The ice cream is blueberry with blueberry pie filling, pound cake & candy chocolate pieces.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2021-10-05|title=Microsoft is giving away free Windows 11 ice cream in NYC today|url=https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2021/10/5/22711189/microsoft-windows-11-ice-cream-free-mikey-likes-it-nyc|access-date=2022-02-20|website=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=February 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217225215/https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2021/10/5/22711189/microsoft-windows-11-ice-cream-free-mikey-likes-it-nyc|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-10|title=Get a taste of Windows 11 with some Bloomberry ice cream|url=https://www.windowscentral.com/windows-11-bloomberry-ice-cream-can-be-shipped-straight-your-door|access-date=2022-02-20|website=Windows Central|archive-date=February 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217223716/https://www.windowscentral.com/windows-11-bloomberry-ice-cream-can-be-shipped-straight-your-door|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Burj Khalifa]] was also lighted up to promote the operating system.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Oct 6|first1=TIMESOFINDIA COM {{!}}|last2=2021|last3=Ist|first3=15:30|title=Microsoft lights up Burj Khalifa to promote Windows 11 - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/microsoft-lights-up-burj-khalifa-to-promote-windows-11/articleshow/86807993.cms|access-date=2022-02-23|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=February 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217223713/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/microsoft-lights-up-burj-khalifa-to-promote-windows-11/articleshow/86807993.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-05|title=Microsoft comissions ice cream, lights up Burj Khalifa to celebrate Windows 11 launch - MSPoweruser|url=https://mspoweruser.com/microsoft-comissions-ice-cream-lights-up-burj-khalifa-to-celebrate-windows-11-launch/|access-date=2022-02-23|website=mspoweruser.com|language=en-US|archive-date=February 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217223713/https://mspoweruser.com/microsoft-comissions-ice-cream-lights-up-burj-khalifa-to-celebrate-windows-11-launch/|url-status=live}}</ref> The ice cream could be compared to Windows 7's launch using a partnership with [[Burger King]] to create a [[Whopper#Variants|7-patty whopper]] and Windows 10's launch with a limited "10-scoop upgrade" for an ice cream parlor called Daily Chico that originally did 8-scoop ice cream.
 
== Features ==
{{main|Features new to Windows 11}}
{{see also|List of features removed in Windows 11}}
 
Windows 11, the first major Windows release since 2015, builds upon its predecessor by revamping the user interface to follow Microsoft's new [[Fluent Design]] guidelines. The redesign, which focuses on [[ease of use]] and flexibility,<ref name=":7" /> comes alongside new productivity and social features and updates to security and accessibility, addressing some of the deficiencies of [[Windows 10]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Windows 11 Is the Overhaul Microsoft Needed |url=https://gizmodo.com/windows-11-is-the-overhaul-microsoft-needed-1847168306 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Gizmodo |language=en-us |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222822/https://gizmodo.com/windows-11-is-the-overhaul-microsoft-needed-1847168306 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
The [[Microsoft Store]], which serves as a unified storefront for apps and other content, is also redesigned in Windows 11. Microsoft now allows developers to distribute [[Win32]], [[progressive web application]]s, and other packaging technologies in the Microsoft Store, alongside [[Universal Windows Platform apps]].<ref>{{cite web |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft is committed to the Microsoft Store with Windows 11 |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/more-app-more-stores-more-money-windows-11-win-developers |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Windows Central |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222845/https://www.windowscentral.com/more-app-more-stores-more-money-windows-11-win-developers |url-status=live}}</ref> Microsoft also announced plans to allow third-party [[application store]]s (such as [[Epic Games Store]]) to distribute their [[clients]] on Microsoft Store.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=September 28, 2021 |title=Microsoft opens its Windows store up to third-party app stores |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/28/22698196/microsoft-store-third-party-app-stores-epic-games-amazon |access-date=October 16, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016062536/https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/28/22698196/microsoft-store-third-party-app-stores-epic-games-amazon |url-status=live }}</ref> Windows 11 supports [[x86-64]] software emulation on ARM-based platforms.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2021-11-16|title=Windows 10 on Arm will no longer get x64 app emulation|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/16/22785453/microsoft-windows-10-on-arm-x64-app-emulation|access-date=2021-11-16|website=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=November 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116202444/https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/16/22785453/microsoft-windows-10-on-arm-x64-app-emulation|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
The collaboration platform [[Microsoft Teams]] is integrated into the Windows 11 user interface, and is accessible via the taskbar. [[Skype]] will no longer be bundled with the OS by default.<ref name=":3">{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft announces Windows 11, with a new design, Start menu, and more |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22546791/microsoft-windows-11-announcement-features-updates |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624150725/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22546791/microsoft-windows-11-announcement-features-updates |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lawler |first=Richard |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft didn't kill Skype, but Windows 11 is shoving it out of sight |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549191/skype-windows-11-microsoft-teams |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625050147/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549191/skype-windows-11-microsoft-teams |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{cite web |last=Welch |first=Chris |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft Teams will be directly integrated as part of Windows 11 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548738/microsoft-teams-windows-11-integration-announcement-features |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624170727/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548738/microsoft-teams-windows-11-integration-announcement-features |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>
 
Microsoft claims performance improvements such as smaller update sizes, faster web browsing in "any browser", faster wake time from sleep mode, and faster [[Windows Hello]] authentication.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
 
Windows 11 ships with the [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium]]-based [[Microsoft Edge]] [[web browser]] (for compatibility<ref>{{Cite web|title=Microsoft swallows its pride and releases new Chrome-based browser|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/microsoft-edge-chrome-chromium-171841860.html|access-date=2021-11-17|website=finance.yahoo.com|language=en-US|archive-date=November 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117125339/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/microsoft-edge-chrome-chromium-171841860.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|title=Google is loosening its grip on Chrome's foundations, but outside allies still help it control the web itself|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/google-gets-web-allies-by-letting-outsiders-help-build-chromes-foundation/|access-date=2021-11-17|website=CNET|language=en|archive-date=November 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117125339/https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/google-gets-web-allies-by-letting-outsiders-help-build-chromes-foundation/|url-status=live}}</ref> with [[Google Chrome]] web browser<ref>{{Citation|title=Microsoft Edge and Chromium Open Source: Our Intent|date=October 18, 2020|url=https://github.com/MicrosoftEdge/MSEdge/blob/14b03579d54acc5c294f846ad23f688a7eb8c124/README.md|publisher=Microsoft Edge|quote=our unique web-platform codebase still faces occasional compatibility problems as web developers focus less on HTML standards and rationally focus on widely used platforms like Chrome|access-date=2021-11-17|archive-date=November 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117125339/https://github.com/MicrosoftEdge/MSEdge/blob/14b03579d54acc5c294f846ad23f688a7eb8c124/README.md|url-status=live}}</ref>), and does not include or support [[Internet Explorer]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/25/22550714/microsoft-windows-11-internet-explorer-disabled |title=Windows 11 is deleting Internet Explorer |author=Tom Warren |website=[[The Verge]] |date=June 25, 2021 |access-date=August 12, 2021 |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625191016/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/25/22550714/microsoft-windows-11-internet-explorer-disabled |url-status=live }}</ref> Its rendering engine [[MSHTML]] (Trident) is still included with the operating system for backwards compatibility reasons, and Edge can be configured with [[Group Policy]] to render whitelisted websites in "IE Mode" (which still uses IE's rendering engine [[MSHTML]], instead of [[Blink layout engine]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Internet Explorer mode? |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/deployedge/edge-ie-mode |access-date=2021-10-12 |website=Microsoft Docs |quote=IE mode on Microsoft Edge [..] uses the [[MSHTML|Trident MSHTML engine]] from Internet Explorer 11 (IE11) for legacy sites. |language=en-US |archive-date=October 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017210533/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/deployedge/edge-ie-mode |url-status=live }}</ref> Windows 11 is the first version of Windows since the original retail release of [[Windows 95]] to not ship with Internet [[Explorer]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/pictures/how-microsoft-lost-its-monopoly-in-web-browsers/3/ |title=How Microsoft lost its monopoly in web browsers |author=[[Ed Bott]] |date=August 23, 2019 |access-date=August 13, 2021 |website=[[ZDNet]] |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813092542/https://www.zdnet.com/pictures/how-microsoft-lost-its-monopoly-in-web-browsers/3/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
The updated [[Xbox app]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Samit |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Xbox Game Pass is built into Windows 11 |url=https://www.polygon.com/22548822/windows-11-xbox-game-pass-pc-auto-hdr-directstorage |access-date=June 24, 2021 |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624163435/https://www.polygon.com/22548822/windows-11-xbox-game-pass-pc-auto-hdr-directstorage |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite web |last=Machkovech |first=Sam |date=June 24, 2021 |title=DirectStorage on Windows 11: Next-gen gaming performance, with PC requirements |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/06/gaming-on-windows-11-directstorage-api-auto-hdr-will-require-os-update/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Ars Technica |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625203239/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/06/gaming-on-windows-11-directstorage-api-auto-hdr-will-require-os-update/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> along with the Auto [[High-dynamic-range video|HDR]] and [[DirectStorage]] technologies introduced by the [[Xbox Series X and Series S]], will be integrated into Windows 11; the latter requiring a graphics card supporting [[DirectX#DirectX 12|DirectX 12]] and an [[NVMe]] [[solid-state drive]].<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{cite web |author=Rishi Alwani |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Windows 11 Gets Xbox Series X Auto HDR, Direct Storage API, and Game Pass |url=https://in.ign.com/pc/161339/news/windows-11-gaming-features-xbox-series-x-auto-hdr-direct-storage-api-game-pass |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=IGN |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624154044/https://in.ign.com/pc/161339/news/windows-11-gaming-features-xbox-series-x-auto-hdr-direct-storage-api-game-pass |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
=== User interface ===
A redesigned user interface is present frequently throughout the operating system, building upon [[Fluent Design System]]; translucency, shadows, a new color palette, and rounded geometry are prevalent throughout the UI. A prevalent aspect of the design is an appearance known as "Mica", described as an "opaque, dynamic material that incorporates theme and desktop wallpaper to paint the background of long-lived windows such as apps and settings".<ref name=":12" /><ref>{{cite web |last=hickeys |title=Mica material – Windows apps |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/design/style/mica |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=Microsoft Docs |language=en-US |archive-date=October 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005072321/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/design/style/mica |url-status=live }}</ref> Much of the interface and start menu takes heavy inspiration from the now-canceled Windows 10X.<ref name="verge-win11-leakstartmenuscreenshots3">{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 15, 2021 |title=Windows 11 leak reveals new UI, Start menu, and more |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/15/22535123/microsoft-windows-11-leak-screenshots-start-menu |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618175206/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/15/22535123/microsoft-windows-11-leak-screenshots-start-menu |archive-date=June 18, 2021 |access-date=June 17, 2021 |website=The Verge}}</ref> The [[Segoe UI]] [[font]] used since [[Windows Vista]] has been updated to a [[Variable font|variable]] version, improving its ability to scale between different display resolutions.<ref>{{cite web|last=hickeys|title=Typography in Windows 11 – Windows apps|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/design/signature-experiences/typography|access-date=September 7, 2021|website=Microsoft Docs|language=en-US|archive-date=October 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006085538/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/design/signature-experiences/typography|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
The [[taskbar]]'s buttons are center-aligned by default, and it is permanently pinned to the bottom edge of the screen; it cannot be moved to the top, left, or right edges of the screen as in previous versions of Windows without manual changes to the registry.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Windows 11 Specifications – Microsoft |url=http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11-specifications |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624155416/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-11-specifications |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=Windows |language=en-US}}</ref> The notifications sidebar is now accessed by clicking the date and time, with other Quick Actions toggles, as well as volume, brightness, and media playback controls, moved to a new settings pop-up displayed by clicking on the system tray. The "Widgets" button on the taskbar displays a panel with [[Microsoft News|Microsoft Start]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=September 7, 2021 |title=Microsoft Start is a personalized news feed designed for Windows 11, mobile, and more |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/7/22660483/microsoft-start-news-feed-windows-11-features |access-date=September 7, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=September 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907161004/https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/7/22660483/microsoft-start-news-feed-windows-11-features |url-status=live }}</ref> a [[news aggregator]] with personalized stories and content (expanding upon the "news and interests" panel introduced in later builds of Windows 10).<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":12" /> [[Microsoft Teams]] is similarly integrated with the taskbar, with a pop-up showing a list of recent conversations.<ref name=":11" />
 
The [[Start menu]] has been significantly redesigned, replacing the "live tiles" used by [[Windows 8.x]] and 10 with a grid of "pinned" applications, and a list of recent applications and documents.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> [[File Explorer]] was updated to replace its [[Ribbon (computing)|ribbon toolbar]] with a more traditional [[toolbar]], while its [[context menu]]s have been redesigned to [[move]] some tasks (such as copy and paste) to a toolbar along the top of the menu, and hide other operations under an overflow menu.<ref name=":12" />
 
[[Task View]], a feature introduced in Windows 10, features a refreshed design, and supports giving separate wallpapers to each [[virtual desktop]]. The window snapping functionality has been enhanced with two additional features; hovering over a window's maximize button displays pre-determined "Snap Layouts" for [[Tiling window manager|tiling]] multiple windows onto a display, and tiled arrangement of windows can be minimized and restored from the taskbar as a "snap group".<ref name=":4">{{cite web |last=Salter |first=Jim |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Windows 11 is much more than a new theme slapped onto Windows 10 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/06/microsoft-details-windows-11-with-new-ui-and-android-app-support/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Ars Technica |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625203309/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/06/microsoft-details-windows-11-with-new-ui-and-android-app-support/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Krasnoff|first=Barbara|date=2021-10-05|title=How to use snap layouts in Windows 11|url=https://www.theverge.com/22710511/windows-11-snap-layouts-how-to|access-date=2021-11-09|website=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=November 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109193948/https://www.theverge.com/22710511/windows-11-snap-layouts-how-to|url-status=live}}</ref> When a display is disconnected in a [[multi-monitor]] configuration, the windows that were previously on that display will be minimized rather than automatically moved to the main display. If the same display is reconnected, the windows are restored to their prior location.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chacos|first=Brad|title=Windows 11 multi-monitor tweaks are toying with my emotions|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/541282/windows-11-multi-monitor-tweaks-are-toying-with-my-emotions.html|access-date=2021-11-09|website=PCWorld|language=en-US|archive-date=November 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109193949/https://www.pcworld.com/article/541282/windows-11-multi-monitor-tweaks-are-toying-with-my-emotions.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
=== Windows Subsystem for Android ===
{{further|Project Astoria|Windows Subsystem for Linux}}
On October 21, 2021, Windows Subsystem for Android (WSA) became available to Beta channel builds of Windows 11 for users in the United States,<ref>{{cite web |last=Bisson |first=Simon |title=How to get started with the Windows Subsystem for Android in Windows 11 |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-get-started-with-the-windows-subsystem-for-android-in-windows-11/ |url-status=live |access-date=2021-11-03 |website=TechRepublic |date=October 21, 2021 |language=en |archive-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103070056/https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-get-started-with-the-windows-subsystem-for-android-in-windows-11/ }}</ref> which allows users to install and run [[Android (operating system)#Applications|Android apps]] on their devices. Users can install Android apps through any source using the [[Android application package|APK]] file format.<ref>{{cite web |date=June 25, 2021 |title=Windows 11 will support Android apps from outside the Amazon Appstore |url=https://www.xda-developers.com/windows-11-support-installing-android-apps-amazon-appstore/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626000916/https://www.xda-developers.com/windows-11-support-installing-android-apps-amazon-appstore/ |archive-date=June 26, 2021 |access-date=June 26, 2021 |website=xda-developers}}</ref> An [[Amazon Appstore]] [[client]] for Microsoft Store will also be available.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amazon and Microsoft create new opportunities for developers and increase return on investment in the Amazon Appstore : Appstore Blogs |url=https://developer.amazon.com/blogs/appstore/post/a7583854-9367-4480-99c4-15f91456558c/amazon-and-microsoft-create-new-opportunities-for-developers-and-increase-return-on-investment-in-the-amazon-appstore |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=developer.amazon.com |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624155916/https://developer.amazon.com/blogs/appstore/post/a7583854-9367-4480-99c4-15f91456558c/amazon-and-microsoft-create-new-opportunities-for-developers-and-increase-return-on-investment-in-the-amazon-appstore |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jordan |first1=Novet |last2=Leswing |first2=Kif |last3=Haselton |first3=Todd |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft Windows 11 will support Android apps |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/24/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-updates.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624143625/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/24/microsoft-windows-11-event-live-updates.html |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=CNBC}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft is bringing Android apps to Windows 11 with Amazon's Appstore |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548428/microsoft-windows-11-android-apps-support-amazon-store |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624153856/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548428/microsoft-windows-11-android-apps-support-amazon-store |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{cite web |last=Gartenberg |first=Chaim |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Windows 11's Intel-powered Android apps will run on AMD and Arm processors, too |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549303/windows-11-intel-bridge-android-apps-amd-arm-processors |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204301/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22549303/windows-11-intel-bridge-android-apps-amd-arm-processors |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
WSA is based on the [[Intel]] [[Bridge]] runtime compiler; Intel stated that the technology is not dependent on its CPUs, and will also be supported on x86-64 and ARM CPUs from other vendors.<ref name=":14" />
 
=== System security ===
As part of the minimum system requirements, Windows 11 only runs on devices with a [[Trusted Platform Module]] 2.0 security coprocessor.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> According to Microsoft, the TPM 2.0 coprocessor is a "critical building [[block]]" for protection against [[firmware]] and hardware attacks. In addition, Microsoft now requires devices with Windows 11 to include virtualization-based security (VBS), hypervisor-protected code integrity (HVCI), and [[Unified Extensible Firmware Interface#Secure Boot|Secure Boot]] built-in and enabled by default.<ref name=":10">{{cite web |date=June 25, 2021 |title=Windows 11 enables security by design from the chip to the cloud |url=https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/06/25/windows-11-enables-security-by-design-from-the-chip-to-the-cloud/ |access-date=June 26, 2021 |website=Microsoft Security Blog |archive-date=June 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626053707/https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/06/25/windows-11-enables-security-by-design-from-the-chip-to-the-cloud/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> The operating system also features hardware-enforced [[stack]] protection for supported Intel and AMD processors for protection against [[zero-day exploit]]s.
 
Like its predecessor, Windows 11 also supports [[multi-factor authentication]] and [[biometric authentication]] through Windows Hello.<ref name=":10" />
 
== Versions ==
{{main|Windows 11 version history}}
Windows 11 is available in two main editions; the Home edition, which is intended for consumer users, and the Pro edition, which contains additional networking and security features (such as [[BitLocker]]), as well as the ability to join a [[Windows domain|domain]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Compare Windows 11 Home vs Pro Versions {{!}} Microsoft |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare-windows-11-home-vs-pro-versions |url-status=live |access-date=October 14, 2021 |website=Windows |publisher=Microsoft |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014081317/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare-windows-11-home-vs-pro-versions }}</ref> Windows 11 Home may be restricted by default to verified software obtained from Microsoft Store ("S Mode").<ref>{{cite web |title=Windows 10 and Windows 11 in S mode FAQ |url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10-and-windows-11-in-s-mode-faq-851057d6-1ee9-b9e5-c30b-93baebeebc85#WindowsVersion=Windows_11 |access-date=2021-10-23 |website=support.microsoft.com |archive-date=October 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023062814/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-10-and-windows-11-in-s-mode-faq-851057d6-1ee9-b9e5-c30b-93baebeebc85#WindowsVersion=Windows_11 |url-status=live }}</ref> Windows 11 Home requires an internet connection and a [[Microsoft account]] in order to complete first-time setup.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548480/windows-11-home-internet-connection-set-up |title=Windows 11 Home will require a Microsoft account and an internet connection at setup |last=Lyons |first=Kim |date=June 24, 2021 |website=The Verge |access-date=October 15, 2021 |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006140528/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/24/22548480/windows-11-home-internet-connection-set-up |url-status=live }}</ref> In February 2022, it was announced that this restriction will also apply to Windows 11 Pro in the future.<ref name="alsowin11pro">{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2022-02-18|title=Windows 11 Pro will soon require a Microsoft Account|url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/2/18/22940517/windows-11-pro-require-microsoft-account-internet-connection|access-date=2022-02-24|website=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=February 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224234826/https://www.theverge.com/2022/2/18/22940517/windows-11-pro-require-microsoft-account-internet-connection|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
'''Windows 11 SE''' was announced on November 9, 2021, as an edition exclusively for low-end devices sold in the education market, and a successor to [[Windows 10 S]]. It is designed to be managed via [[Microsoft Intune]], and has changed based on feedback from educators to simplify the user interface and reduce "distractions", such as Snap Layouts not containing layouts for more than two applications at once, all applications opening maximized by default, Widgets being completely removed, and Microsoft Edge is configured by default to allow extensions from the [[Chrome Web Store]] (primarily to target those migrating from [[Chrome OS]]). It is bundled with applications such as [[Microsoft Office]] for [[Microsoft 365]], ''[[Minecraft Education Edition]]'', and Flipgrid, while [[OneDrive]] is used to save files by default. Windows 11 SE does not include Microsoft Store; third-party software is provisioned or installed by administrators.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=2021-11-09|title=Microsoft announces Windows 11 SE, a new Chrome OS competitor|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/9/22771742/microsoft-windows-11-se-features-release-date|access-date=2021-11-09|website=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=November 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109193949/https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/9/22771742/microsoft-windows-11-se-features-release-date|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Cunningham|first=Andrew|date=2021-11-09|title=The latest Surface is a $250 laptop that takes a swing at cheap Chromebooks|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/11/the-latest-surface-is-a-250-laptop-that-takes-a-swing-at-cheap-chromebooks/|access-date=2021-11-10|website=Ars Technica|language=en-us|archive-date=November 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110160402/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/11/the-latest-surface-is-a-250-laptop-that-takes-a-swing-at-cheap-chromebooks/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
The [[Windows Insider]] program carries over from Windows 10, with pre-release builds divided into "Dev" (unstable builds used to test features for future feature updates), "Beta" (test builds for the next feature update; relatively stable in comparison to Dev channel), and "Release Preview" (pre-release builds for final testing of upcoming feature updates) channels.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gralla |first=Preston |date=2021-10-29 |title=Windows 11 Insider Previews: What's in the latest build? |url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/3623370/windows-11-insider-previews-whats-in-latest-build.html |access-date=2021-11-03 |website=Computerworld |language=en |archive-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103070054/https://www.computerworld.com/article/3623370/windows-11-insider-previews-whats-in-latest-build.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
{{Windows 11 versions}}
 
== Supported languages ==
Before the launch of Windows 11, OEMs (as well as mobile operators) and businesses were offered two [[options]] for device imaging: Component-Based Servicing lp.cab files (for the languages to be preloaded on the first boot) and Local Experience Pack .appx files (for the languages available for download on supported PCs). The 38 fully-localized Language Pack (LP) languages were available as both lp.cab and .appx packages, while the remaining 72 partially-localized Language Interface Pack (LIP) languages were only available as .appx packages.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-16|title=Update to language imaging in Windows 11|url=https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/update-to-language-imaging-in-windows-11/ba-p/2758043|access-date=2022-01-26|website=techcommunity.microsoft.com|language=en|archive-date=January 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126045009/https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/update-to-language-imaging-in-windows-11/ba-p/2758043|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
With Windows 11, that process has changed. Five new LP languages were added — Catalan, Basque, Galician, Indonesian, and Vietnamese — bringing the total number of LP languages to 43. Furthermore, these 43 languages can only be imaged using lp.cab packages. This is to ensure a fully supported language-imaging and cumulative update experience.
 
The remaining 67 LIP languages that are LXP-based will move to a self-service model, and can only be added by Windows users themselves via the Microsoft Store and Windows Settings apps, not during the Windows imaging process. Any user, not just admins, can now add both the display language and its features, which can help users in business environments, but these exact options for languages (both LP and LIP) still depend on the OEM and mobile operator.
 
=== Available languages ===
These languages are either preloaded or available for download,<ref>{{Cite web|last=windows-driver-content|title=Available Language Packs for Windows|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/available-language-packs-for-windows|access-date=2022-01-26|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us|archive-date=October 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016143053/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/available-language-packs-for-windows|url-status=live}}</ref> depending on the OEM, region of purchase, and mobile operator.
 
For each of the manufacturers listed, Yes is displayed if the language is supported or available for download in at least one region, and No is displayed if it is not supported in any region.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Available lp.cab language packs
!Language/region
!English translation
!Surface
![[Samsung]]
!HP
!Lenovo
!Asus
!Acer
!Dell
!LG
|-
|'''Català'''
|Catalan
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Čeština'''
|Czech
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Dansk'''
|Danish
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Deutsch'''
|German
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Eesti'''
|Estonian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''English (Australia)'''
|English (Australia)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''English (Canada)'''
|English (Canada)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''English (United Kingdom)'''
|English (United Kingdom)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''English (United States)'''
|English (United States)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Español (España)'''
|Spanish (Spain)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Español (México)'''
|Spanish (Mexico)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Euskara'''
|Basque
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Français (Canada)'''
|French (Canada)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Français (France)'''
|French (France)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Galego'''
|Galician
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Hrvatski'''
|Croatian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Indonesia'''
|Indonesian
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Italiano'''
|Italian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Latviešu'''
|Latvian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Lietuvių'''
|Lithuanian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Magyar'''
|Hungarian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Nederlands'''
|Dutch
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Norsk bokmål'''
|Norwegian Bokmål
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Polski'''
|Polish
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Português (Brasil)'''
|Portuguese (Brazil)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Português (Portugal)'''
|Portuguese (Portugal)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Română'''
|Romanian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Slovenčina'''
|Slovak
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Slovenščina'''
|Slovenian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Srpski'''
|Serbian
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Suomi'''
|Finnish
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Svenska'''
|Swedish
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Tiếng Việt'''
|Vietnamese
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Türkçe'''
|Turkish
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Ελληνικά'''
|Greek
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Български'''
|Bulgarian
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Русский'''
|Russian
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''Українська'''
|Ukrainian
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''עברית'''
|Hebrew
|{{no}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''العربية'''
|Arabic
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''ไทย'''
|Thai
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''한국어'''
|Korean
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''中文 (简体)'''
|Chinese (Simplified)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''中文 (繁體)'''
|Chinese (Traditional)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''中文 (香港)'''
|Chinese (Hong Kong)
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|-
|'''{{nihongo2|日本語}}'''
|Japanese
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|{{yes}}
|}
 
=== Notes ===
 
==== Surface ====
The following languages are available for download on all 2021 and newer Surface devices regardless of the region:
 
* Danish
* German
* English (Australia)
* English (Canada)
* English (United Kingdom)
* English (United States)
* Spanish (Spain)
* Spanish (Mexico)
* French (Canada)
* French (France)
* Italian
* Dutch
* Norwegian
* Polish
* Finnish
* Swedish
* Japanese
 
These additional languages are available for download exclusively in their respective markets, in addition to the above languages:
 
* Americas: Portuguese (Brazil)
* EMEA: Czech, Estonian, Croatian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Portuguese (Portugal), Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Turkish, Greek, Bulgarian, Arabic
* Asia Pacific: Thai, Korean, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Chinese (Hong Kong)
 
== System requirements ==
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:center; max-width:535px; font-size:90%; margin-left:1.5em"
|+Hardware requirements for Windows 11<ref name=":8">{{cite web |url=https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf |title=Windows 11: Minimum Hardware Requirements |website=Microsoft |date=June 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195007/https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compatibility/windows-11/ |title=Compatibility for Windows 11- Compatibility Cookbook |website=Microsoft Docs |access-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624213011/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compatibility/windows-11/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
!Component
!Minimum
|-
![[Central processing unit|Processor]]
|A compatible 64-bit processor ([[x86-64]] or [[ARM64]]) with at least 1{{nbsp}}[[Gigahertz|GHz]] [[clock rate]] and at least 2 processor cores
|-
![[Random-access memory|Memory (RAM)]]
|At least 4 GB
|-
!Storage space
|At least 64 GB
|-
!System firmware
|[[Unified Extensible Firmware Interface|Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |Security
|[[Unified Extensible Firmware Interface#Secure Boot|Secure Boot]], enabled by default
|-
|[[Trusted Platform Module]] (TPM) version 2.0
|-
![[Graphics card]]
|Compatible with [[DirectX#DirectX 12|DirectX 12]] or later with [[Windows Display Driver Model#WDDM 2.0|WDDM 2.0]] driver
|-
!Display
|High definition (720p) display that is greater than 9" diagonally, 8 bits per color channel
|-
!Internet connection and Microsoft accounts
|Internet connection and Microsoft account required to complete first-time setup on Windows 11 Home (and soon, also on Windows 11 Pro<ref name="alsowin11pro" />)
|}
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:center; max-width:535px; font-size:90%; margin-left:1.5em"
|+Additional requirements for optional functionality
!Feature
!Requirements
|-
![[5G]] support
|[[5G]] capable [[modem]]
|-
!Auto [[High-dynamic-range video|HDR]]
|HDR capable [[Computer monitor|monitor]]
|-
!Biometric authentication and Windows Hello
|Illuminated infrared camera or fingerprint reader
|-
![[BitLocker]] to Go
|[[USB]] [[flash drive]] (available in Windows 11 Pro and higher editions)
|-
![[Hyper-V]]
|[[Second Level Address Translation]] (SLAT)
|-
![[DirectStorage]]
|[[NVM Express|NVMe]] [[Solid-state drive]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Hagedoorn |first=Hilbert |title=Microsoft removes mandatory >1TB storage requirement for DirectStorage NVMe SSDs |url=https://www.guru3d.com/news-story/microsoft-removes-mandatory-1tb-storage-requirement-for-directstorage-nvme-ssds.html |access-date=September 24, 2021 |website=Guru3D.com |language=en-US |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924215813/https://www.guru3d.com/news-story/microsoft-removes-mandatory-1tb-storage-requirement-for-directstorage-nvme-ssds.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
![[DirectX#DirectX 12 Ultimate|DirectX 12 Ultimate]]
|Available with supported games and graphics cards
|-
![[3D audio effect|Spatial sound]]
|Supporting hardware and software
|-
![[Multi-factor authentication|Two-factor authentication]]
|Use of [[Personal identification number|PIN]], biometric authentication, or a phone with [[Wi-Fi]] or [[Bluetooth]] capabilities
|-
!Speech recognition
|Microphone
|-
![[IEEE 802.11ax-2021|Wi-Fi 6E]] support
|New [[Wireless LAN|WLAN]] IHV hardware and [[Device driver|driver]], Wi-Fi 6E capable AP/[[Router (computing)|router]]
|-
!Windows Projection
|[[Wi-Fi]] adapter that supports [[Wi-Fi Direct]], [[WDDM]] 2.0
|-
!Android apps support and functionality
|A supported processor and a solid-[[state]] drive<br>At least 8 GB of RAM (minimum)<br>At least 16 GB of RAM (recommended)
|}
 
The basic [[system requirements]] of Windows 11 differ significantly from Windows 10. Windows 11 only supports [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] systems such as those using an [[x86-64]] or [[AArch64|ARM64]] processor; [[IA-32]] processors are no longer supported.<ref name=":9">{{cite news |title=Windows 11 won't work without a TPM – What you need to know |url=https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/windows-11-wont-work-without-a-tpm-what-you-need-to-know/ |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=BleepingComputer |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625193452/https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/windows-11-wont-work-without-a-tpm-what-you-need-to-know/ |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> Thus, Windows 11 is the first consumer version of Windows not to support 32-bit processors (although [[Windows Server 2008 R2]] was the first version of [[Windows NT]] to not support them).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2007/05/windows-vista-declared-32-bits-last-hurrah/ |website=[[Ars Technica]] |author=Joel Hruska |date=May 18, 2007 |title=Windows Server 2008 declared 32-bit's last hurrah |access-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-date=August 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824184954/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2007/05/windows-vista-declared-32-bits-last-hurrah/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/make-no-bones-about-it-server-2008-r2-is-really-windows-server-7/ |title=Make no bones about it: Server 2008 R2 is really Windows Server 7 |date=April 30, 2009 |author=Jason Perlow |website=[[ZDNet]] |access-date=September 30, 2021 |archive-date=September 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930193328/https://www.zdnet.com/article/make-no-bones-about-it-server-2008-r2-is-really-windows-server-7/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The minimum RAM and storage requirements were also increased; Windows 11 now requires at least 4GB of RAM and 64GB of storage. [[Windows 10 editions#S|S mode]] is only supported for the Home edition of Windows 11.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lindsay |first=Greg |title=Windows 11 requirements – What's new in Windows |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/windows-11-requirements |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=Microsoft Docs |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624161307/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/windows-11-requirements |url-status=live |language=en-US}}</ref> As of August 2021, the officially supported list of processors includes Intel [[Coffee Lake]] (eighth generation Intel Core) CPUs and later, AMD [[Zen+]] CPUs/[[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit|APUs]] and later (which include the "AF" revisions of Ryzen 1000 CPUs, which are underclocked Zen+ CPUs that supplant Ryzen 1000 parts that could no longer be manufactured due to a change in [[14 nm process|process]]),<ref>{{cite web|title=AMD Ryzen 5 1600 AF Review|url=https://www.techspot.com/review/1977-amd-ryzen-1600-af/|access-date=October 6, 2021|website=TechSpot|language=en-US|archive-date=October 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006225533/https://www.techspot.com/review/1977-amd-ryzen-1600-af/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[List of Qualcomm Snapdragon processors#Snapdragon 835, 850, 7c, 7c Gen 2, 8c, 8cx and 8cx Gen 2 5G|Qualcomm Snapdragon 850]] and later.<ref>{{cite web |title=Windows Processor Requirements |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/windows-processor-requirements |access-date=June 26, 2021 |website=Microsoft Docs |url-status=live |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625223512/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/windows-processor-requirements |language=en-US}}</ref> The compatibility list includes the Intel Core i7-7820HQ, a seventh-generation processor used by the [[Surface Studio 2]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Lilly |first=Paul |date=September 9, 2021 |title=Asus is issuing BIOS updates to support Windows 11 on unsupported Intel CPUs |work=PC Gamer |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/asus-is-issuing-bios-updates-to-support-windows-11-on-unsupported-intel-cpus/ |access-date=October 6, 2021 |language=en |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006110322/https://www.pcgamer.com/asus-is-issuing-bios-updates-to-support-windows-11-on-unsupported-intel-cpus/ |url-status=live }}</ref> although only on devices that shipped with [[Device driver#APIs|DCH]]-based drivers.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 27, 2021 |title=Update on Windows 11 minimum system requirements and the PC Health Check app |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windows-insider/2021/08/27/update-on-windows-11-minimum-system-requirements-and-the-pc-health-check-app/ |access-date=August 28, 2021 |website=Windows Insider Blog |language=en-US |archive-date=August 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827235126/https://blogs.windows.com/windows-insider/2021/08/27/update-on-windows-11-minimum-system-requirements-and-the-pc-health-check-app/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
Legacy [[BIOS]] is no longer supported; a [[Unified Extensible Firmware Interface|UEFI]] system with [[Unified Extensible Firmware Interface#Secure Boot|Secure Boot]] and a [[Trusted Platform Module]] (TPM) 2.0 security coprocessor is now required.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Hanson |first=Matt |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Windows 11 system requirements are bad news for old laptops and PCs |work=[[TechRadar]] |url=https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/windows-11-system-requirements-are-bad-news-for-old-laptops-and-pcs |url-status=live |access-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625222754/https://www.techradar.com/uk/news/windows-11-system-requirements-are-bad-news-for-old-laptops-and-pcs |archive-date=June 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Thurrott |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Thurrott |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Microsoft Unveils Windows 11 |url=https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-11/252299/microsoft-unveils-windows-11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205902/https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-11/252299/microsoft-unveils-windows-11 |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=Thurrott.com}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Compatibility for Windows 11- Compatibility Cookbook |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compatibility/windows-11/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624213011/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compatibility/windows-11/ |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 24, 2021 |website=Microsoft Docs |language=en}}</ref> The TPM requirement in particular has led to confusion as many motherboards do not have TPM support, or require a compatible TPM to be physically installed onto the motherboard. Many newer CPUs also include a TPM implemented at the CPU level (with AMD referring to this "fTPM", and Intel referring to it as "Platform Trust Technology" [PTT]),<ref>{{cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |date=October 6, 2021 |title=How to upgrade to Windows 11, whether your PC is supported or not |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/10/how-to-upgrade-to-windows-11-whether-your-pc-is-supported-or-not/ |access-date=October 6, 2021 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006184312/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/10/how-to-upgrade-to-windows-11-whether-your-pc-is-supported-or-not/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which might be disabled by default and require changing settings in the computer's UEFI firmware,<ref>{{cite web |date=June 24, 2021 |title=Windows 11 update: TPM 2.0 and PC Health Check confusion |url=https://www.slashgear.com/windows-11-tpm-2-0-update-system-requirement-confusion-24679866/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203318/https://www.slashgear.com/windows-11-tpm-2-0-update-system-requirement-confusion-24679866/ |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=SlashGear |language=en-US}}</ref> or an UEFI firmware update that is configured to automatically enable the firmware TPM upon installation.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=August 5, 2021 |title=Asus releases Windows 11-ready BIOS updates with automatic TPM support |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/5/22610869/asus-windows-11-bios-updates-download-tpm-support |access-date=October 6, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006225532/https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/5/22610869/asus-windows-11-bios-updates-download-tpm-support |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
[[Original equipment manufacturer]]s can still ship computers without a TPM 2.0 coprocessor upon Microsoft's approval.<ref name=":82">{{cite web |date=June 2021 |title=Windows 11: Minimum Hardware Requirements |url=https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195007/https://download.microsoft.com/download/7/8/8/788bf5ab-0751-4928-a22c-dffdc23c27f2/Minimum%20Hardware%20Requirements%20for%20Windows%2011.pdf |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2021 |website=Microsoft}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Parmar |first=Mayank |date=June 27, 2021 |title=Microsoft: OEMs can still ship some Windows 11 PCs without TPM |url=https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/06/28/microsoft-oems-can-still-ship-some-windows-11-pcs-without-tpm/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627233615/https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/06/28/microsoft-oems-can-still-ship-some-windows-11-pcs-without-tpm/ |archive-date=June 27, 2021 |access-date=June 28, 2021 |website=Windows Latest |language=en-US}}</ref> Devices with unsupported processors are not blocked from installing or running Windows 11; however, a clean install or upgrade using ISO installation media must be performed as Windows Update will not offer an upgrade from Windows 10.<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=August 27, 2021 |title=Microsoft won't stop you installing Windows 11 on older PCs |url=https://www.theverge.com/22644194/microsoft-windows-11-minimum-system-requirements-processors-changes |access-date=August 28, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=August 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827235135/https://www.theverge.com/22644194/microsoft-windows-11-minimum-system-requirements-processors-changes |url-status=live }}</ref> Additionally, users must also accept an on-screen disclaimer stating that they will not be entitled to receive updates, and that damage caused by using Windows 11 on an unsupported configuration are not covered by the manufacturer's warranty.<ref>{{cite web |last=Hollister |first=Sean |date=September 21, 2021 |title=Windows 11 won't stop older PCs, but it might make you sign this waiver |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/21/22686457/windows-11-health-check-compatible-supported-cpu-old-pc-waiver |access-date=September 22, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921213708/https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/21/22686457/windows-11-health-check-compatible-supported-cpu-old-pc-waiver |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Hollister |first=Sean |date=August 28, 2021 |title=Microsoft is threatening to withhold Windows 11 updates if your CPU is old |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/28/22646035/microsoft-windows-11-iso-workaround-no-update-guarantee |access-date=September 22, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=September 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922214012/https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/28/22646035/microsoft-windows-11-iso-workaround-no-update-guarantee |url-status=live }}</ref> Some third-party software may refuse to run on "unsupported" configurations of Windows 11.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stanton|first=Rich|date=2021-09-07|title=Valorant leads the charge on enforcing Windows TPM to perma-ban cheaters' hardware|language=en|work=PC Gamer|url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valorant-leads-the-charge-on-enforcing-windows-tpm-to-perma-ban-cheaters-hardware/|access-date=2021-11-18|archive-date=November 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118164913/https://www.pcgamer.com/valorant-leads-the-charge-on-enforcing-windows-tpm-to-perma-ban-cheaters-hardware/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
{{Clear}}
 
== Reception ==
 
=== Pre-release ===
Reception of Windows 11 upon its reveal was positive, with critics praising the new design and productivity features.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/windows-11-hands-on-microsoft-insider-preview-215041175.html |title=Windows 11 hands-on: A cleaner OS to keep you productive |website=Engadget |access-date=July 3, 2021 |language=en |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701045817/https://www.engadget.com/windows-11-hands-on-microsoft-insider-preview-215041175.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, Microsoft was criticized for creating confusion over the minimum system requirements for Windows 11.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/will-your-pc-run-windows-11-even-microsoft-cant-say-for-sure/ |title=Will your PC run Windows 11? Even Microsoft can't say for sure |last=Bott |first=Ed |website=[[ZDNet]] |date=June 25, 2021 |access-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701062140/https://www.zdnet.com/article/will-your-pc-run-windows-11-even-microsoft-cant-say-for-sure/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The increased system requirements (compared to those of Windows 10) initially published by Microsoft meant that up to 60 percent of existing Windows 10 PCs were unable to upgrade to Windows 11,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-11-chaos-and-how-copying-apple-could-have-helped-microsoft-avoid-it/ |title=Windows 11 chaos, and how copying Apple could have helped Microsoft avoid it |last=Kingsley-Hughes |first=Adrian |date=July 1, 2021 |publisher=ZDNet |access-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701150223/https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-11-chaos-and-how-copying-apple-could-have-helped-microsoft-avoid-it/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which has faced concerns that this will make the devices [[electronic waste]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=June 29, 2021 |title=Windows 11 Will Leave Millions of PCs Behind, And Microsoft is Struggling to Explain Why |url=https://theverge.com/2021/6/29/22555371/microsoft-windows-11-cpu-support-hardware-requirements-tpm-response |access-date=July 17, 2021 |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |language=en-US |archive-date=July 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713100735/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/29/22555371/microsoft-windows-11-cpu-support-hardware-requirements-tpm-response |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
While unsubstantiated, it has been theorized by some{{who|date=June 2022}} users that these system requirements were a measure intended to encourage the purchase of new PCs, especially amid a downturn in PC sales and increased prices due to the [[2020–present global chip shortage|global chip shortage]].<ref name=":12" /> While Microsoft has not specifically acknowledged this when discussing the cutoff, it was also acknowledged that the [[Skylake (microarchitecture)|sixth]] and [[Kaby Lake|seventh generation]] of [[Intel Core]] processors were prominently afflicted by CPU-level security vulnerabilities such as [[Meltdown (security vulnerability)|Meltdown]] and [[Spectre (security vulnerability)|Spectre]], and that newer CPUs manufactured since then had increased mitigations against the flaws.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":13">{{cite web |last=Alspach |first=Kyle |date=September 9, 2021 |title=Windows 11: Partners Say It's A 'Smart Play' By Microsoft To Put Security First |url=https://www.crn.com/news/applications-os/windows-11-partners-see-smart-play-by-microsoft-to-put-security-first |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=CRN |archive-date=October 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004235105/https://www.crn.com/news/applications-os/windows-11-partners-see-smart-play-by-microsoft-to-put-security-first |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
Speaking to IT news outlet [[CRN (magazine)|CRN]], a dozen independent solution providers all felt that they “believe Windows 11 will be a meaningful step up in security, and they agree with Microsoft’s strategy of putting security first.”<ref name=":13" />
 
Marc Menzies, president and CTO of Ronkonkoma, N.Y.-based Overview Technology Solutions believes that “Microsoft is doing the right thing by prioritizing security” with Windows 11, and that he is “fine with them prioritizing security over being able to [[roll]] this out to every computer.”<ref name=":13" />
 
Research Vice President of [[Gartner]] Stephen Kleynhans felt that Microsoft was "looking at the entire stack from the hardware up through the applications and the user experience and trying to make the entire stack work better and more securely.<ref name=":13" />
 
=== Launch ===
Andrew Cunningham of ''[[Ars Technica]]'' praised the improvements to its visual design (describing the new "Mica" appearance as reminiscent of the visual appearance of [[iOS]] and [[macOS]], and arguing that Microsoft had "[made] a serious effort" at making the user-facing aspects of Windows 11 more consistent visually), window management, performance (assessed as being equivalent to if not better than Windows 10), other "beneficial tweaks", and its system requirements having brought greater public attention to hardware security features present on modern PCs. Criticism was raised towards Widgets' lack of support for third-party content (thus limiting it to Microsoft services only), regressions in taskbar functionality and customization, the inability to easily select default applications for common tasks such as web browsing (now requiring the user to select the browser application for each [[File format|file type]] individually), and Microsoft's unclear justification for its processor compatibility criteria. Cunningham concluded that "as I've dug into [Windows 11] and learned its ins and outs for this review, I've warmed to it more", but argued that the OS was facing similar "public perception" issues to [[Windows Vista]] and [[Windows 8]]. However, he noted that 11 did not have as many performance issues or bugs as Vista had upon its release, nor was as "disjointed" as 8, and recommended that users who were unsure about the upgrade should stay on Windows 10 in anticipation of future updates to 11.<ref name=":12">{{cite web |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |date=October 4, 2021 |title=Windows 11: The Ars Technica review |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/10/windows-11-the-ars-technica-review/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US |archive-date=October 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005012526/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/10/windows-11-the-ars-technica-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
Tom Warren of ''[[The Verge]]'' described Windows 11 as being akin to a house in the middle of renovations, but that "actually using Windows 11 for the past few months hasn't felt as controversial as I had expected"—praising its updated user interface as being more modern and reminiscent of iOS and [[Chrome OS]], the new start menu for feeling less cluttered than the Windows 10 iteration, updates to some of its stock applications, and Snap Assist. Warren noted that he rarely used the Widgets panel or Microsoft Teams, citing that he preferred the weather display that later versions of Windows 10 offered, and didn't use Teams to communicate with his friends and family. He also acknowledged the expansion of Microsoft Store to include more "traditional" desktop applications. However, he felt that Windows 11 still felt like a work in progress, noting UI inconsistencies (such as dark mode and new context menu designs not being uniform across all dialogues and applications, and the modern Settings app still falling back upon legacy [[Control Panel (Windows)|Control Panel]] applets for certain settings), regressions to the taskbar (including the inability to move it, drag files onto taskbar buttons to focus the corresponding application, and the clock only shown on the primary display in multi-monitor configurations), and promised features (such as dynamic refresh rate support and a universal microphone mute button) not being present on the initial release. Overall, he concluded that "I wouldn't rush out to upgrade to Windows 11, but I also wouldn't avoid it. After all, Windows 11 still feels familiar and underneath all the UI changes, it's the same Windows we've had for decades."<ref>{{cite web |last=Warren |first=Tom |date=October 4, 2021 |title=Windows 11 review: a familiar home that's still being renovated |url=https://www.theverge.com/22708762/microsoft-windows-11-review |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=October 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004234808/https://www.theverge.com/22708762/microsoft-windows-11-review |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
''[[PC World]]'' was more critical, arguing that Windows 11 "sacrifices productivity for personality, but without cohesion", commenting upon changes such as the inability to use local "offline" accounts on Windows 11 Home, regressions to the taskbar, a "functionally worse" start menu, Microsoft Teams integration having privacy implications and being a ploy to coerce users into switching to the service, File Explorer obscuring common functions under unclear icons, using "terribly sleazy" behaviors to discourage changing the default web browser from Microsoft Edge, and that the OS "anecdotally feels less responsive, slower, and heavier than Windows 10." It was concluded that Windows 11 "feels practical and productive, but less so than its predecessor in many aspects", while its best features were either "hidden deeper within", required specific hardware (DirectStorage, Auto HDR) or were not available on launch (Android app support).<ref>{{cite web |title=Windows 11 review: An unnecessary replacement for Windows 10 |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/539183/windows-11-review-an-unnecessary-replacement-for-windows-10.html |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=PCWorld |language=en-US |archive-date=October 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005002142/https://www.pcworld.com/article/539183/windows-11-review-an-unnecessary-replacement-for-windows-10.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
== See also ==
* [[List of operating systems]]
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== External links ==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/release-health/windows11-release-information Windows 11 release information] from Microsoft
 
{{Microsoft Windows family}}
{{Microsoft Windows components}}
{{Windows 11 version history}}
 
[[Category:Windows 11| ]]
[[Category:Windows NT|11]]
[[Category:2021 software]]
[[Category:Android (operating system)]]
[[Category:ARM operating systems]]
[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 2021]]
[[Category:Proprietary operating systems]]
[[Category:Tablet operating systems]]
[[Category:X86-64 operating systems]]

Latest revision as of 01:32, 18 September 2024

Basics

Technology

How it worked

"Vega claims to be building a capital-efficient decentralized derivatives trading protocol that would allow anyone to create and launch a derivatives market.

Mannerings said capital-efficient means a trader's capital is used efficiently and that the protocol does not need any more funds to be locked up for margins than is necessary. "This is incredibly important for traders as the cost of capital to fund a position can make the difference between whether it's worth trading or not," he said."

Team, Funding, Partnerships, etc.

Team

"There are currently around 25 people contributing to Vega, and the project is looking to expand its engineering and community teams further, said Mannerings."

Funding

  • From The Block (18-3-2021):

"Raised $5 million in a new funding round. The round was led by Arrington Capital and Cumberland DRW, with participation from Coinbase Ventures, ParaFi Capital, CMS Holdings, and many others. Vega has raised the money via a token sale as a strategic investment round. The round brings Vega's total funding to date to "a bit under $12 million," Mannerings told The Block. The project had previously raised a $5 million seed round in October 2019."

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