IOG

Basics

IOG - Input Output Global
FKA IOHK (Input Output Hong Kong)
“Founded in 2015 by Charles Hoskinson and Jeremy Wood, IOHK is a decentralized technology company committed to using peer-to-peer innovations to provide financial services to the three billion people who don’t have them. We are an engineering company that builds cryptocurrencies and blockchains for academic institutions, government entities and corporations.”.
From this article (28-12-2017):

"Charles Hoskinson and Jeremy Wood were both involved with the Ethereum project in its early days but left to found IOHK in 2014. Much of IOHK’s funding comes from a five-year contract with Emurgo, a blockchain applications company that is looking for a platform with better support for regulatory oversight."

In October, 2017, Hoskinson stated that IOHK had nearly 100 employees and contractors, three research engineers, and operate in nearly ten countries.
Holds the contract to develop the Cardano platform until 2020.

Other projects

Also works on Ethereum Classic.

Has a couple of other spin of projects like:

Symphony of Blockchains (an interactive, visual and auditory exploration of Bitcoin, cryptocurrency and the blockchain).
Qeditas (a project to apply block chain technology to support the construction of a library of formalized mathematics. It is intended to be a realization (or possibly revival) of the QED project, as described in the QED Manifesto.)
Scorex
RS|Coin; "proposes a framework to implement centrally banked monetary systems based on cryptographic methods".

Team, partners, etc.

Full team can be found here
Aggelos Kiayias; chief scientist and from The University of Edinburgh
Includes active developments from professors at University of Oxford
Funds ETCLabs